玻璃精餾柱
精餾塔(ta)的(de)(de)塔(ta)身稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)精餾柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。若采用填(tian)(tian)料塔(ta),柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)內堆(dui)著不規則的(de)(de)填(tian)(tian)料,使氣液兩相達到(dao)良好傳(chuan)質。填(tian)(tian)料層的(de)(de)高度即為(wei)(wei)(wei)精餾柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)有效分離長度。為(wei)(wei)(wei)了消除(chu)避流(liu)和溝通現象,可(ke)能將填(tian)(tian)料層分作多(duo)段(duan),而將每一柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)段(duan)的(de)(de)回流(liu)液加以收集,再重新分布到(dao)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)中心。
需要絕熱精(jing)(jing)(jing)餾的(de)過程,可將填料(liao)(liao)柱(zhu)(zhu)制(zhi)成(cheng)真空夾套以便(bian)保(bao)溫。根據處理的(de)物料(liao)(liao)量(liang)及所要求的(de)分離效率來(lai)確(que)定精(jing)(jing)(jing)餾柱(zhu)(zhu)的(de)尺寸。實驗常(chang)用精(jing)(jing)(jing)餾柱(zhu)(zhu)有直徑為700MM、1000MM和1300MM。柱(zhu)(zhu)的(de)高度限制(zhi)在500MM和1500MM之間。
影(ying)響(xiang)分(fen)離(li)能力的(de)(de)(de)因素很(hen)(hen)多,其(qi)中以柱內裝(zhuang)填(tian)(tian)(tian)的(de)(de)(de)填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)影(ying)響(xiang)尤其(qi)重要。在(zai)一定的(de)(de)(de)填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)層高度(du)(du)內,填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)總(zong)表面積(ji)與(yu)填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)型(xing)式(shi),規(gui)格,材(cai)質(zhi)以及(ji)填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)裝(zhuang)填(tian)(tian)(tian)方法均(jun)有關,其(qi)影(ying)響(xiang)到液(ye)(ye)膜的(de)(de)(de)厚(hou)度(du)(du),壓降和(he)分(fen)離(li)效率。一般規(gui)定填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)尺寸應小(xiao)于柱徑(jing)的(de)(de)(de)1/10,并以柱徑(jing)與(yu)填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)尺寸之比(bi)保持在(zai)10:1到12:1為宜。現已(yi)有很(hen)(hen)多高效填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)品種,如不(bu)(bu)銹鋼θ環填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)和(he)不(bu)(bu)銹鋼三角螺旋填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao),所選填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)應能保持適當(dang)的(de)(de)(de)持液(ye)(ye)量,使液(ye)(ye)體能*潤濕(shi)填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao),以保證(zheng)汽液(ye)(ye)充分(fen)接觸進行質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)換(huan),這與(yu)填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)比(bi)表面及(ji)填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)可(ke)潤濕(shi)性(xing)有關。填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)分(fen)離(li)效率常(chang)用等板高度(du)(du)表示。